Glossaire: types de croissance / Glossary: growth habits
© Pascale SERVAIS & Pierre SEBA, 2018. Tilo Botanica: Flore de Tilos et du Dodécanèse / Flora of Tilos and of the Dodecanese
English translation by Brenda Bradbury, Howard Bradbury and Stéphane Léonard
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ACAULE:
Plante sans tige apparente.
Les feuilles et les hampes florales sont insérées près du sol.
STEMLESS:
Plant without any above-ground stem except for an inflorescence axis and with leaves and inflorescence arising together at ground level.
PROSTRÉE:
Tiges plaquées au sol, se redressant légèrement ou ne se redressant pas.
PROSTRATE:
Plant with stems lying flat on the ground, ascending either only slightly or not at all.
TOUFFE:
Ensemble de tiges herbacées émises par la souche et rapprochées en bouquet.
TUFTED:
Plant which has many stems in a close cluster at ground level. No central stem or trunk visible.
PARASITE / HÉMIPARASITE:
PARASITE: plante sans organe vert qui dépend d’une autre plante pour sa nutrition (orobanche).
HÉMIPARASITE: plante à feuilles vertes qui dépend d’une autre plante pour sa nutrition (gui).
PARASITE / SEMIPARASITE:
PARASITE: plant with no green organ, living on or in a different organism and deriving nourishment from it.
SEMIPARASITE: green plant which lives on and derives part of its nourishment from a different organism, and is also partially self-supporting
(e.g. Misletoe).
ÉTALÉE:
Tiges s’étalant latéralement puis se redressant à une certaine distance de leur point d’attache avec les racines.
SPREADING:
Plant with a horizontally branching habit. Stems extend laterally and then ascend some distance from the rooting point where the roots attach.
SOUS-ARBRISSEAU:
Ensemble de tiges ligneuses dès la base, émises par la souche, et ne dépassant pas 50 cm de hauteur.
SHRUBLET:
Small perennial woody plant, not more than 50 cm high, with several stems arising at its base.
ÉRIGÉE:
Tiges verticales, bien dégagées du sol, sans l’aide d’un support extérieur.
ERECT:
Plant with vertical, self-supporting stems.
ARBRISSEAU / BUISSON:
Plante ligneuse de taille petite, jusqu’à 3 m ou 4 m de hauteur, ramifiée dès la souche et donc sans tronc central.
SHRUB / BUSH:
Medium-sized perennial woody plant, not more than 3 - 4 m high, with several stems arising almost at its base and without a trunk.
GRIMPANTE:
Tiges herbacées s’élevant sur des supports variés.
LIANE:
Tiges ligneuses, grimpantes ou volubiles, prenant appui sur un support solide.
CLIMBING:
Plant with stems supported by nearby objects or other plants.
LIANA:
Plant with woody creeping stem which climbs upwards by twisting round supporting plants or structures.
ARBUSTE:
Plante ligneuse de taille petite à moyenne, jusqu’à 7 m de hauteur, avec un tronc central court mais bien marqué.
SMALL TREE / TREELET:
Small to medium-sized woody perennial up to 7 m high, with a short but distinct trunk.
RAMPANTE:
Tiges lâches, couchées sur des sols plats ou pendantes sur des terrains pentus.
TRAILING:
Plant with lax stems, lying on flat ground or hanging down over slopes.
ARBRE:
Grande plante ligneuse, jusqu’à 40 m de hauteur, bien ramifiée, à tronc central.
TREE:
A tall woody perennial, up to 40 m high, having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown.
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